1Synthesis and characterization of WO3 nanostructures
S.RAJAGOPAL
Bharathiar University
raja2001phy@yahoo.co.in

Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) rectangular nanoslabs were prepared by hydrothermal method. For cost effective synthesis, this chemical route is the cheapest over other methods. Their structural studies were analysed by XRD spectrum. Their chemical composition were analysed by EDX and XPS measurements. Surface morphology analysis were made by FESEM. XRD result shows that the prepared WO3 nanoslabs are orthorhombic structure. Chemical composition analysis shows that the prepared sample was in almost stochiometric, that is 1:3 ratio of W:O elements. This was confirmed by XPS result. FESEM result shows that the prepared WO3 are rectangular slab like structure. Analysed samples are as prepared. No need to calcination.


2Structural and optical characterization of organometallic non linear optical CMTC crystal
T. Rajesh Kumar
Loyala College
loyolarajeshphd@gmail.com

Bimetallic thiocyanates and their Lewis base adducts are very recently developed materials and the generation of blue-violet light in these materials makes them more special from the view point of their applications. However, the problems regarding the material development in bulk size and their complete characteristics towards advanced NLO parameters are yet to be solved for its commercialization. The present work deals with the growth of cadmium mercury thiocynate (CMTC) crystals by temperature lowering method for the first time. The rocking curve was obtained from HRXRD studies using a double crystal X-ray diffractometer. The high value of full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the diffraction curve contains a single sharp peak and indicates that the specimen is free from structural grain boundaries. The UV cut-off wavelength of CMTC crystal is found to 329 nm with very low absorbance in the visible region. The SHG efficiency was found to be nearly 20 times more than that of urea. The SEM images were shows the tetragonal shape with dents defects. The promising crystal growth characteristics and properties of CMTC Crystal prove it to be a potential material for photonic, electro-optic and SHG device applications.


3Effect of Post-Thermal Annealing on SnSe Thin Films Deposited by Thermalevaporation Technique
R.INDIRAJITH
Anna University
ravanajith@yahoo.co.in

Effect of Post-Thermal Annealing on SnSe Thin Films Deposited by Thermalevaporation Technique R.INDIRAJITH and R.GOPALAKRISHNAN Department of Physics, Anna university Chennai, Chennai – 600 025. SnSe thin films are very important material for optoelectronic application. Synthesis of SnSe in alkaline media with SnCl2.2H2O and selenium as source materials at 100ºC was carried out. This synthesized powder was confirmed with XRD diffraction analysis. The product was taken as a source material for film deposition. The films were deposited on glass substrate at various substrate temperatures like Room Temperature, 150°C, 250°C, 350°C and 450°C. The deposited film was annealed at 450ºC under a high vacuum (~10-5 Torr) for 30 min. The as deposited and annealed SnSe thin films were subjected to XRD studies to analyze the structural change after heat treatment. Also, the films were analyzed with various characterization techniques like UV-VIS-NIR (change in optical properties), Thickness measurement and Scanning Electron Microscopy (change in surface). The results will be presented in detail.


4Growth and charaterization of L-arginine dihydrofluoride a promising NLO material
D. Sankar
Loyola College
duraisamyshankar49@gmail.com

L-arginine dihydrofluoride of dimensions upto 15 x 10 x 9 mm3 was successfully grown by slow evaporation technique from aqueous solution. The crystal was characterized by X-ray diffractometry, Elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, thermal and microhardness studies. Kurtz powder SHG measurement confirms the NLO property of the grown crystals.


5NIL
K.S.VENKATESH
Alagappa University
venkat_nanotech@rediffmail.com




6
S.THIRUMALAIRAJAN
Bharathiar University
sthirumalairajan@gmail.com




7
K. GIRIJA
Bharathiar University
kgirija1@gmail.com




8Dye-sensitized solar cells
S. Ganesan
University of Madras
sakthi_ganesan@rediffmail.com




9Synthesis and Characterization of nano CuO and Sn doped CuO for gas sensor applications
MARIAMMAL R N
Madurai Kamaraj University
marigayathrirn@yahoo.co.in

CuO, a p-type metal oxide semiconductor shows promising applications in gas sensors. The sensing of gas molecules by nano CuO is more efficient due to their surface and quantum phenomena. Since doping of CuO with Sn enhances the selectivity and sensitivity of the measurement, the doped system CuO:Sn was studied in the nano regime for gas sensing applications. CuO nanorods were synthesized by one-step, solid-state reaction using CuCl2.2H2O and NaOH as precursors and polyethylene glycol as surfactant. The doped system CuO:Sn (1%, 3% and 5%) was also prepared by following the same method. The structural characterization was done by XRD. The surface morphology was studied using AFM. UV-Vis studies were carried out to study the optical properties. The doping of CuO with Sn was confirmed by FTIR study with an extra mode at 562 cm-1. Since doping of Sn in CuO introduces defect modes, theoretical investigation on the defect modes in nano CuO has been initiated. Molecular model, which is generally valid for bulk materials, is now modified for nanomaterials. Force constants and ionic charges are worked out by assuming Born-Mayer potential. With this program, the localized vibrational mode (LVM) in CuO when Sn is doped in the nano regime, is worked out. We have now found 562 cm-1 as the defect mode which is confirmed by FTIR studies. When this is compared with bulk CuO:Sn, an appreciable change could be observed.


10Dielectric Studies on Polyvinylidene fluoride/ZnO and Polyvinylidene fluoride/PbS hybrid nanocomposite films
INDRADEVI P
Madurai Kamaraj University
indradevi01@gmail.com

The combination of organic polymer and inorganic nanoparticles in the form of hybrid films have attracted much attention in material research due to their unique properties and have many applications in optical, electrical and mechanical devices. Here we synthesized Polyvinylidene fluoride/nano-ZnO and Polyvinylidene fluoride/nano-PbS hybrid films using solution casting method for different concentrations of nanoparticles (10-30 wt %) with a motive to design a piezoelectric sensor and hybrid solar cells. These composite films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The complexation of PVDF chains with ZnO and PbS would lead to a decrease in the intermolecular interaction between the PVDF chains and thus the crystalline degree. This was well proved by the decrease in the diffraction intensity from the pure PVDF and nano-ZnO and nano-PbS encapsulated by polymer was confirmed by atomic force microscope (AFM). To further confirm the formation of the interaction between the Zinc oxide and lead sulfide nanoparticles and the PVDF matrix, the infrared spectra (FT-IR) were measured. Optical properties from UV–Visible absorption spectroscopy showed that all samples appeared near band edge absorption close to the bulk value. Recently much attention has been paid to study the dielectric properties of organic-inorganic nanocomposites due to their flexibility and requirement as sensing elements in many important devices. So dielectric properties, such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and electric modulus and A.C conductivity of these hybrid films, on the content of nano-ZnO and nano-PbS were studied at room temperature for various microwave frequencies. It was found that the dielectric constant of PVDF hybrid films increases with increasing nano-ZnO and PbS content. In the present study, PVDF filled with nanoparticles is synthesized for the better dielectric properties. Now with nano materials, the performance of PVDF can be enhanced to a larger extent and so nano sensors may be possible. This is discussed in detail here.


11
D.Vasanth raj
Bharathiar university
vasanthdv@gmail.com




12nil
S.SARAVANAKUMAR
Madurai Kamaraj University
sarvana_skumar@rediffmail.com

nil


13The title will be indicated later
P.BRINDHA
Bharathidasan University
csuopbrindha@yahoo.co.in

Recently, I have joined as a Research Scholar. So I need to discuss with my guide.Hence,the abstract will be indicated later.


14The title will be indicated later
K.G.Bhagoma
Bharathidasan University
rekha.sri2002@gmail.com

Recently i have joined as a Research Scholar.So I need to discuss with my guide.Hence the abstract will be indicated later.


15Magnetic properties of single crystalline Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy
K.Vallal peruman
Thiagarajar College of Engineering
vallalphysics1@gmail.com

Magnetic properties of single crystalline Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy K.Vallal peruman, R.Kodi pandyan, R. Senthur Pandi, R.Chokkalingam and Manickam Mahendran* Department of Physics, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, India Abstract Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys have been used in the construction of novel actuators and sensors due to their large magnetically induced twin variant reorientation in martensitic single crystal and fast response times as a result, it is received considerable attention the research community. Single crystalline Ni-Mn-Ga FSMAs are prepared using high temperature tubular furnace and annealed at 700 C for different hours.(3,6,12and18hrs).Many reports exist in literature on the composition and temperature dependencies of Ni-Mn-Ga FSMAS and few reports exist by using VSM. In this paper we review the basic magnetic properties (coercivity,retentivity and magnetic saturation) of single crystalline Ni-Mn-Ga FSMAs by using vibrating sample magnetometer. Also attemt has been made to notice the change in the magnetic properties due to increasing the duration of annealing process. Key words: Ferromagnetic shape memory alloy, actuator, hysteresis and VSM.


16Tensile Behavior of Magneto Rheological Elastomers
R.Chokkalingam
Thiagarajar College of Engineering
chokka@tce.edu

Tensile Behavior of Magneto Rheological Elastomers R.Chokkalingam, R.Senthur Pandi and M.Mahendran Magnetorheological fluids or Elastomers are micron sized magnetic particle suspended in a non magnetic fluid/gel whose rheological properties can be rapidly controlled by the application of external magnetic field. The magnetic interaction between the magnetic particles in this fluid depends on the magnetization orientation of each particle. In our present work it is planned to prepare Ni-Mn-Ga FSMA based MRE. For a good damper it possesses large hysteresis. MRES have large hysteresis when compared to the FSMA. In our present work we have prepared Fe particles suspended composites (MR Elastomers). Fe particle will act as a filler material and the content of filler volume varies from 20% to 40%. The elastomers are prepared in two forms, one is the filler particles are aligned in the presence of magnetic field and the other one is as prepared elastomers (without aligned in magnetic field). When a magnetic field is applied to the as prepared and aligned MRES the stiffness and damping properties can be modified. The increase in stiffness and damping is observed at the filler concentration of 15%. In aligned MRES stiffness and damping increases when compared to the as prepared MRES because the stiffness and vibration damping of MRES depend on the direction of magnetic field, load and particle alignment in the MRES.


17STABILIZATION OF BULK AND THIN FILMS OF A NEW CHALCOPYRITE TYPE Cu-Zn-Se COMPOUND AND INVESTIGATION FOR FERROMAGNETIC ORDERING THROUGH MAGNETIC DOPING
D. Paul Joseph
University of Madras
palphymail@yahoo.com

Chalcopyrites are of technological interest due to their potential applications in Lasers, optical detectors, solar cells, etc. Recently, researchers disclosed the achievement of room temperature ferromagnetism in ‘Mn’ doped II-IV-V2 chalcopyrites such as CdGeP2, ZnGeP2, etc. First principles study of 64 different types of magnetically doped chalcopyrites, were carried out by Erwin and Zutic leading to important conclusions on their magnetic properties exhibiting all the characteristics that are desirable for spintronics applications. Considering the well established CuInSe2 as a prototype system, a new compound of the chalcopyrite type, by replacing In with Zn, has been attempted. The new I-II-VI2 compound CuZnSe2 is also magnetically doped and explored for ferromagnetic ordering. The motivation of this work is three fold: first, to prepare polycrystalline CuZnSe2 by the metallurgical method, second, to magnetically dope them, and finally to deposit thin films by the thermal evaporation technique using the polycrystalline samples as evaporation charge. The efforts taken for preparation and the results obtained on structural, compositional, optical and magnetic characterization are presented and discussed.


18Complex Impedance and Spectral Studies on a Polyethylene oxide – Silver triflate – based Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte System
M. Kumara Vadivel
University of Madras
mskumaravadivel@gmail.com

Complex Impedance and Spectral Studies on a Polyethylene oxide – Silver triflate – based Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte System S. Austin Suthanthiraraj* and M. Kumara Vadivel Department of Energy, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600025, India. Email: *suthan98@gmail.com Abstract A new chain of silver ion conducting nanocomposite polymer electrolytes based on the host polymer poly (ethylene oxide) P(EO), silver triflate (AgCF3SO3) and a ceramic nano filler MgO has been prepared in the form of PEO50 AgCF3SO3 : x wt% MgO where x = 3, 5, 7 and 10 respectively by solution casting technique using acetonitrile as the common solvent. The ionic conductivity and structural features were analyzed using AC impedance measurements carried out in the frequency range 20 Hz – 1 MHz and over the temperature domain 301 - 346 K and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic investigation in the wave number region 4000 – 400 cm-1. The maximum electrical conductivity value of the order of 10-6 Scm-1 at room temperature (301 K) was attained with the addition of 5 wt% MgO among the chosen compositions. A higher concentration of MgO leads to its aggregation and results in the decrease of the observed ionic conductivity value. Complexation of the nanocomposite polymer electrolyte system has also been confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic results.


19Structural characterization and proton conductivity of Sm doped CeP2O7 for IT – SOFC application
R. Kumar
University of Madras
rkumarwin@gmail.com

Structural characterization and proton conductivity of Sm doped CeP2O7 for IT – SOFC application S. Austin Suthanthiraraj*, R. Kumar and B.Joseph Paul Department of Energy, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600025. *Email: suthan98@gmail.com Abstract The effect of incorporation of various Sm concentrations on the proton conductivity and structural stability of phase pure CeP2O7 has been investigated and characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT- IR), X – ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and complex impedance techniques. In order to better understand the doping effects on the surface of CeP2O7, the formation of electron -hole and oxygen vacancies due to the presence of positively charged defects in the case of Ce0.9Sm0.1P2O7 could be examined and confirmed by FT – IR and XRD studies. The highest proton conductivity of 2.3 x10-3 Scm-1 at 303K has also been observed in the case of the sample containing 10 wt% Sm content owing to an increased electron - hole concentration on the surface of the Ce0.9Sm0.1P2O7 bulk specimen thus indicating the feasibility of its application for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT - SOFC).


20Synthesis and characterisation of doped Cadmium Sulphide nanocrystals
L SARAVANAN
Anna University
ljsaravanan@yahoo.co.in

Transition metal doped cadmium sulphide nanocrystals with different shapes were synthesised by simple chemical coprecipitation method for optoelectronic device applications such as LEDs, Photovoltaics, IR detectors etc.. The synthesised samples were then subjected for the structural and optical analysis using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, reflectance mode UV spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results obtained were compared to the values of bulk CdS and changes observed in the band gap values and obtain different shapes and structures of the nanocrystals for varying the parameters such as solvents, pH and for also different dopants were compared to the previous reported datas. Polymer capped pure and doped CdS nanocrystals were also synthesied.


21Synthesis of Magnetically doped CuInSe2 type chalcopyrite DMS by Mechanical alloying and its characterization
P. Manimuthu
University of Madras
magnetmanidnp@gmail.com

Synthesis and research of ‘‘new’’ chalcopyrite based DMS with announced ‘‘high TC’’ has received enormous attention in recent years. We intend to prepare transition metal doped CuInSe2 type chalcopyrite diluted magnetic semiconductors by using mechanical alloying method. Mechanical alloying is a non-equilibrium method by which one could prepare novel materials which are difficult to prepare by conventional equilibrium methods. The optimal conditions for preparing pure and doped CuInSe2 type chalcopyrite single phase samples by changing the various process parameters such as rotational speed, milling period and ball to sample ratio are to be optimized. After synthesis of the samples, structural, compositional and magnetic properties will be explored using XRD, EDAX and VSM.


22STARCH MEDIATED SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES
MANOJ
University of Madras
manojdvrj@gmail.com

The present study describes a facile and an effective approach for the synthesis and stabilization of copper nanoparticles using starch as the capping agent and NaBH4 as reducing agent in aqueous medium. This process is a facile and a green process. Here, no eco-disastrous organic agents are used. The bio-decomposable starch is used as the stabilizer of nanoparticles. The formation of copper nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-visible and FT-IR spectroscopy. The size of the particles was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Further, the prepared particles are water soluble and there are a lot of hydroxyl groups available on the surface of nanoparticles for further functionalisation.


23PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF Co DOPED
M.NIRMALA
Kongunadu Arts and Science College
nimmykumar@yahoo.co.in

ABSTRACT PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF Co DOPED ZnO NANOFIBERS Zinc oxide is an emerging material for next generation short wavelength optoelectronic devices due its large band gap 3.37eV at room temprature and large exciton binding energy of 60meV[1]. High quality ZnO semiconductor also become materials for doping of optically active impurities. We have used solgel dipcoating method to produce Co doping ZnO nano fiber for optoelectronics. The crystallinity, surface morphology and optical properties of the Co doped ZnO nano fibers were characterized by XRD, SEM and optical transmittance technique. This study demonstrates that the Co doped ZnO nano structured thin film is a promising material, which improves the optical properties. REFERENCE 1.Y.Chen, D.Bgnall &T.Yao, \"ZnO as a novel photonic material for the UV region\", Mater.Sci.Eng. B75, pp190-198 (2000).


24Role of Defects in Tailairing the Properties of Mn Doped ZnS semiconducting Nanomaterials For Field Emission Device Applications
S.Sasi Florence
Mother Teresa Women's University
sasiflorence@gmail.com

Manganese doped ZnS were synthesized via solid state reaction method at room temperature and annealed at four different temperatures. The nanostructures of the prepared Mn2+ doped ZnS nanoparticles have been analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Photoluminescence (PL) studies. Strain evolution in ZnS:Mn nanoparticles as a consequence of changing defect structure have been studied by plotting Williamson-Hall plots and it is found that the strain values are decreased with increasing temperature. The size of the particles is found to increase from 14 nm to 31 nm with increasing temperature. From the room-temperature Photoluminescence spectrum of as prepared samples, it is seen that Mn2+ doped ZnS emit in the yellow-orange region at 585 nm due to Mn2+ 4T1–6A1transition under excitation of a UV light at 345 nm. PLE intensity of ZnS:Mn significantly increases with the increase of annealing temperature and shows a maximum when temperature is 6000 C. If temperature is continued to increase, namely more than 6000 C, the PLE intensity would decrease.


25NONLINEAR OPTICAL CRYSTALS FOR FREQUENCY DOUBLING
GURU PRASAD L
Periyar University
guruphysics@gmail.com

Recent advances in optical communication have created intense interest in nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. As compared with inorganic crystals traditionally used in the field, organic materials offer the advantage of higher nonlinear optical activity, better laser damage resistance and faster response times, coupled with the large variety of potentially NLO active chemical structures allowed by synthetic organic chemistry. High quality crystal is an important need for evaluating the nonlinear optical properties of the molecular materials but some of the defect may also induced the second harmonic generation in the organic crystal. 3-aminophenol, an organic nonlinear optical material for frequency conversion was prepared by crystallization from slow evaporation solution growth technique. XRD pattern reveals that the grown crystal belongs to orthorhombic system having non-centrosymmetric space group. Importants of the functional and impacts of the hydrogen bonds were studied by analyzing the vibrational spectrum. Thermal stability and decomposition mechanism of the title compound were found in TGA/DTA studies. The optical transparency of the grown crystal was tested by recording UV-VIS-NIR spectrum. The photoluminescence spectrum explains the transition mechanism of ions. Charge transfer -electron chromophores are characterized by molecular first hyperpolarizability (second order optical non-linearity) values. The hybrid Hartee Fock exchange-correlation functional is used in conjugation with 3-21 G (d) basis set for hyperpolarizibility calculations. Nonlinear optical (NLO) study using Kurtz and Perry technique have been carried out to confirm the preliminary SHG property. Dielectric measurement was also performed to study the distribution of charges within the crystal. The mechanical strength of crystal is calculated.


26Synthesis and studies on structure and photoluminescence of ZnSnO3 material
L.C.NEHRU
Alagappa University
lcnehru@yahoo.com

Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) have widespread applications such as in smart windows, flat-panel displays, solar cells and architectural windows. In recent years, along with exploration of the new materials, the binary (or even more) metal oxide compounds have appeared, such as Zn-Sn-O (ZTO) systems have attracted much attention as new TCO materials. As an important example of TCO materials is known for having high electron mobility, high electrical conductivity, and attractive optical properties, all of which make it suitable for a wide range of applications. In recent years, many efforts have been made to control the sizes and shapes of nanostructures, because these parameters determine their electrical and optical properties. Organizing nanoscale building blocks into complex nanostructures is always a target for researchers. In this paper, ternary semiconductor such as zinc stannate (ZnSnO3) has been of great technological interest due to their high quality of electrical and optical properties. It is a wide band gap semiconductor. The preparation of nano-sized zinc stannate (ZnSnO3) materials have been synthesized by a simple precipitation method at low temperature engaging an aqueous solution in which reaction takes place in the presence of stannic chloride and zinc chloride with sodium hydroxide. The synthetic conditions and the calcination behaviors of nano-sized ZnSnO3 materials have been studied. The phase composition of the sample was determined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) and the microstructures of the samples were investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SEAD). The morphologies were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in detail. The photoluminescence spectrum (PL) shows a broad blue-green emission around the 350–600 nm wavelengths with a maximum center at 490nm under room temperature and the results are presented in detail.


27Synthesis and Characterization of anionic poly electrolyte membrane for fuel cell applications
R. Vinodh
Anna University
vinoth6482@gmail.com

Abstract Polystyrene ethylene butylene polystyrene (PSEBS) was chosen as the polymer matrix to synthesize anion exchange membrane. The anion exchange membrane (AEM) was prepared via. chloromethylation and quaternization. The AEM with high conductivity has been prepared by introducing quaternary ammonium groups in to the polymer. The efficiency of the entrapment was monitored by swelling ratio, chemical stability and ion exchange measurement. The characteristic structural properties of the membrane were investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the membrane was characterized by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The surface morphology and elemental composition of the quaternized PSEBS was determined by SEM and EDXA techniques respectively. The measured hydroxyl ion conductivity of the synthesized alkaline PSEBS polymer electrolyte membrane showed good conductivity in the range of 10-3 S/cm in deionized water at room temperature. It was found that the substitution provided a flexible, chemically and thermally stable membrane. Hence, the membrane will have potential application in the alkaline fuel cell. Key words: polystyrene ethylene butylene polystyrene, chloromethylation and quaternization, anion exchange membrane, water uptake, ionic conductivity.


28Structural, Electrical conductivity and Photoluminescence lifetime of Nanocrystalline ZnS .
K.RAVICHANDRAN
University of Madras
ravi21068@lycos.com

Nanocrystalline ZnS ultra fine particles have been prepared by Inertgas condensation technique in helium atmosphere. The nano-size ZnS powders were characterized using X-ray, HRTEM, FTIR, DSC, Impedance spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first time that the flourcence lifetime, electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of nanocrystalline ZnS have been studied.


29Spray Deposition of Tungsten Trioxide Thin Films, its Characterization and Fabrication of an Electrochromic Cell
M. Kovendhan
Presidency College
mkovendhan@gmail.com

Electrochromic WO3 thin films were deposited on ITO and glass substrates by Spray pyrolysis technique using chloride precursor. Structural and optical characterization of the films have been carried out by XRD, UV-VIS and PL. Crystalline films were obtained when deposited at 400 ˚C while an amorphous film was obtained when the substrate temperature is decreased. The thickness of the deposited films was found to be 89 nm. Optical study indicated that the film coated on glass substrate was almost 80% transparent in the visible region. The estimated optical band gap of the film was found to be 3.35 eV. AFM and SEM images showed the film to consist of particles with dimensions less than a micron, having high porosity and increased surface area, indicating their suitability for electrochromic switching applications. The structure, morphology, and electrochromic property are strongly dependent on the conditions of deposition. Attempts are in progress towards achieving thin films having good electrochromic properties. Electrochromic cell has been fabricated out of the film deposited over ITO and the colour change has been demonstrated.


30nil
S.Chandrasekaran
Gandhigram Rural University
es.chandrasekaran@yahoo.co.in

nil


31Synthesis and characterisation of carbon nanotubes
R.Kodi Pandyan
Thiyagarajar College of Engineering
rkp@tce.edu

Synthesis and characterisation of carbon nanotubes Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) have a well crystalline structure formed by hexagonal network. CNTs have been studied theoretically and experimentally. Which are having novel properties that make them potentially useful in many applications in nanotechnology, electronics, optics and other fields of materials science, as well as potential uses in architectural fields. Generally, three techniques are being used for producing CNTs: (i) carbon arc-discharge technique;1 5–14 (ii) laser ablation technique;15–22 and (iii) chemical vapor deposi tion (CVD) technique.23–37 In 1991, MWNTs were first discovered by Ijima by arc-discharge technique when he sawfine threads in a bit of shoot under electron microscope.1 The strands were very thin and long tubes of pure carbon. SWNTs were synthesized for the first time by Ijima and Ichihashi7 and Bethune et al.8 in 1993 using metal catalyst in arc-discharge method.Laser -ablation technique was used by Thess et al.15 in 1996 to produce bundles ofaligned SWNTs.F or the first time, catalytic growth of MWNTs by CVD was proposed by Yacaman et al.0.


32Chemically deposited CuInAlSe2 thin films
B.KAVITHA
Kongunadu Arts and Science College
kavitha.sudharsan@gmail.com

Chemically deposited CuInAlSe2 thin films M.Dhanam and B.Kavitha PG and Research, Department of Physics, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-641029. Cu(In1-xAlx)Se2 [CIAS] thin films were prepared by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method using cationic precursors (precursor 1: Cu2+ +TEA and precursor 2: In3+, Al3+and citric acid ) and an anionic precursor (Se2-) solutions. Three different thickness films were prepared from the SILAR baths by varying the number of dipping cycles. The thickness of the films was measured by gravimetric technique. The structure, morphology, composition, optical transition and conduction mechanism of the prepared films were determined. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the polycrystalline nature of thin films with chalcopyrite structure. The structural parameter such as lattice constants, axial ratio, tetragonal distortion, crystallite size, dislocation density and number of crystallites per unit area has also been evaluated. SEM studies revealed that morphology of the prepared films was smooth, distinctly granular and uniform, but the grain size varied with the dipping cycle. The composition of various constituents such as Cu, In, Al and Se in CIAS films has been determined from EDAX analysis. The optical properties have been studied in detail from the transmittance spectra in the visible and near IR region and the optical transition has been found to be direct and allowed with the band gap of about 1.3eV.


33Structural and optical studies on K2O-Al2O3-B2O3 glasses with effect of gamma irradiation
B. SHANMUGAVELU
Pondicherry University
bshanmugavelu@gmail.com

Potassium aluminum borate glasses having composition 20K2O• xAl2O3• (80-x) B2O3 (x varying from 5-20 mol %) were prepared by melt-quench method. The prepared glasses were irradiated with γ - rays for different doses at constant dose rate. The structural and optical studies of these glasses were studied by means of FTIR and UV-Vis spectra before and after irradiation.


34Synthesis and Characterization of Lead Zirconate Titanate powder by Sol-gel process
S.R.KRISHNAMOORTHI
Alagappa University
krishpdf@yahoo.co.in

Abstract Ferroelectric Lead Zirconate – Titanate (PZT) powders have been synthesized by novel sol – gel route. The powders were prepared from acetate and alkoxide precursors of Pb, Zr and Ti. The precursors contain Zr rich chemical composition ratios of PZT. The molar ratio of Zr and Ti were 60:40. The structural development of these powders under different annealing temperatures was systematically studied using X-ray diffraction, SEM, FT-IR studies. The phase transition and pure perovskite structure formation were confirmed by TG-DTA and powder X-ray diffraction studies. The particle size of PZT powder increased with increasing the annealing temperature of the PZT powder and it was confirmed by XRD and SEM studies. In FT- IR measurements, the intensity of Metal-Oxygen vibration modes becomes stronger with increasing annealing temperatures, while the FT-IR spectral peaks of vibrations of the residual carbon ligands (COO-) finally disappear at high annealing temperatures, showing that FT-IR spectroscopy is a good way to monitor the growth of the perovskite phase in PZT 60/40 powders and Raman spectroscopy of PZT powders discussed the stretching vibrations. Key words: Sol-gel technique, PZT, nano powder, ferroelectric properties Corresponding author: Dr.R. Ilangovan: rilangovan@yahoo.com


35PTCR Properties of Nanocrystalline La Doped BaTiO3
Padma Prasad K
University of Madras
kppsix@yahoo.com

Nanocrystalline La doped BaTiO3 with 23 nm was prepared by mechanically alloying BaCO3, TiO2 and La2O3 using high energy ball milling with ZrO2 balls and vials. 800 oC calcined sample showed average crystallite sizes of 27 nm. The microstructure of the nanocrystalline samples were examined by HREM and showed, lattice fringe image due to the formation of nanocrystalline sample. The positive temperature co-efficient of resistance (PTCR) effect of the samples were observed from the temperature dependent dielectric measurement with increase in resistivity of two orders of magnitude. The observed microstructure and dielectric properties will be discussed in detail.


36Linear and nonlinear properties of Glass and Glass Ceramics
B. HARI BABU
Pondicherry University
hariphy2012@gmail.com

The glasses are prepared by conventional melt quenching method and heat treated at various temperatures at different durations to get transparent glass ceramics. These materials are characterized by various techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, SEM/TEM and thermal analysis (TG-DTA/DSC) to study the amorphous nature, structure, surface morphology and thermal properties. The linear and nonlinear optical properties of these materials are characterized by UV-Vis spectra and Maker fringe technique.


37Preparation and Characterization of Nano structured Gallium Doped Zinc Oxide films for Optoelectronic devices
Shyju G J
N. M. Christian College
gjshyju1@gmail.com

Transparent Conducting Oxides (TCOs) have wide spread applications such as liquid crystal displays, plasma displays, solar cells or organic light emitting diodes (OLED)and smart windows. For contemporaneous and emerging technologies TCOs are used because of its high electron mobility, high electrical conductivity and attractive optical properties. Recently, Gallium Zinc Oxide (GZO) has gained great attention because of its superior properties and is suitable for use as transparent conductive oxide in several optoelectronic devices. Gallium doped Zinc Oxide nano films are prepared by electron beam evaporation technique. Gallium (99.99% purity) are doped with ZnO (99.99%purity) in various percentages and coated in different substrate temperatures (RT, 50, 100, 150) 0 C. And the prepared films are annealed for different annealed temperatures ranging from 1000C to 6000C. The film thickness will be measured using a surface profilometer. The structure of the film will be determined by using X-Ray diffractometer (‘X’Pert PRO PANalytical). The optical transmittance is measured using UV-Vis-NIR Spectrophotometer. The electrical resistivity (ρ), free carrier concentration (n) and Hall mobility (µ) were inferred from the Four point probe method and Hall effect measurements. The surface morphologies were analyzed using AFM and SEM.


38Mechanical alloyed Ho3+ doping in CoFe2O4 spinel ferrite and understanding of Magnetic nanodomains
I. Panneer Muthuselvam
Pondicherry University
panpri0@yahoo.co.in

Mechanical alloyed Ho3+ doping in CoFe2O4 spinel ferrite and understanding of Magnetic nanodomains The samples have been prepared by mechanical alloying and subsequent annealing at different temperatures (600oC to 1200oC). X-ray diffraction, SEM, Thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), and VSM measurements have been performed for characterization.


39Synthesis and characterization of multiferroic double perovskites
Abdul Kader.S.M.
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University
abdulkaderncc@yahoo.co.in

Synthesis and characterization of multiferroic double perovskites Magnetic and ferroelectric orders are present in the directly coupled multiferroic materials due to the presence of the both the electric and magnetic dipoles at the unit cell. Also, they exhibit cross-coupling between the stimulants (E and H) and responses (P and M). Because of this coexistence of the ferroic characters, they are potential candidate materials for multifunctional devices. Also, these systems provide the possibility to understand the coupling between orders. A lot of research work is in progress to synthesis and characterize the multiferroic materials in bulk and thin film forms prepared by variety of routes. In the present work, it is proposed to synthesis double perovskite materials by following the conventional ceramic and wet-chemical routes. Phase purity of the samples will be examined by the powder x-ray diffraction. Both the magnetic and the electric and their coupling properties will be measured on the phase pure samples


40Novel Synthesis and Characterization of CNTs using Co-Mo/SBA-15
BALAMURUGAN.J
Anna University
ajbalamurugan@gmail.com

Mesoporous Co-Mo/SBA-15 molecular sieves with (3:9) atomic weight % were synthesized hydrothermally, and their mesoporous structure was confirmed by various physicochemical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 adsorption-desorption studies and DRS UV–Vis Spectroscopy. The catalytic activity of molecular sieves were tested and optimized for the maximum yield of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through the acetylene decomposition at atmospheric pressure utilizing chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique. In order to achieve the high carbon yield, the decomposition of hydrocarbon was carried out at different temperatures from 700 - 9000C and the effect of flow rate of acetylene and Co-Mo/SBA-15 with (3:9) atomic weight % metal loaded were also investigated. The carbon yield was calculated and then the CNTs were purified by acid treatment. The purified samples were characterized by SEM, HRTEM, XRD, TGA and Raman spectroscopy. The diameter of the CNTs was in the range of 10-30 nm and the maximum carbon yield of the catalyst under the selected condition is 218.44%. The purity of the as-synthesized CNTs is over 98.22%. The TEM analysis reveals that CNTs are free from amorphous carbon, where as Raman spectra showed two prominent peaks at 1399.5cm-1 and 1625.8cm-1 as the tangential modes of CNTs. Our results indicated that this Co-Mo/SBA-15 catalyst presented a good catalytic activity for manufacturing high quality CNTs with maximum efficiency. Key words: Chemical vapor deposition, Carbon nanotubes, Acetylene, Co-Mo/SBA-15


41Improved electrochromism of nano porous NiO films doped with cobalt
K.K.Purushothaman
Gandhigram Rural University
purushoth_gri@yahoo.co.in

The NiO, Ni0.95Co0.05O films have been prepared via sol-gel dip coating method for electrochromic applications. Both the films are amorphous in nature. The FESEM images indicate that the NiO films are containing good amount of porosity with the average pore size of 46 nm but Ni0.95Co0.05O films exhibit nanopores and channels. The electrochromic properties have been studied using cyclic voltammetric (CV) and insitu spectro-electrochemical techniques. The NiO and Ni0.95Co0.05O films exhibit anodic/cathodic diffusion coefficient value of 4.93 × 10-10cm2/s/ 3.74× 10-10 cm2/s and 10 × 10-10cm2/s/ 7.60× 10-10 cm2/s respectively. The Ni0.95Co0.05O films exhibit the bleached/coloured state transmission of 90.42 % and 7.21% with the photopic constract ratio of 12.54 at 550 nm.


42Compartive study of MA/MM
RAMA KRISHNA JAMMULA
Pondicherry University
ramakrishnaj2@gmail.com




43Synthesis and characterization of Nickel doped Zinc oxide nanoparticles
R.Elilarassi
Pondicherry University
rkbose657@gmail.com

Nanocrystalline undoped and nickel doped Zinc Oxide (Zn1-xNixO, x = 0.00, 0.01) powders have been successfully synthesized by a simple and low-temperature “auto-combustion method”. The structure and morphology of the samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and FTIR spectroscopy. The optical analysis of the samples was carried out using UV-Visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction reveals that the samples crystallize in hexagonal wurtzite structure without any secondary phase related Ni metal or NiO. With Nickel doping, optical absorption shows a decrease in absorption band edge. In the photoluminescence spectrum, Nickel doping lead to a blueshift in ultraviolet (UV) emission. XRD, Optical absorption and PL studies strongly reveals that Ni ion incorporates successfully into ZnO lattice.


44Solution Combustion Synthesis of Na3Cr2(PO4)3 material
LAKSHMI VIJAYAN
Pondicherry University
lakshmivijayan@gmail.com

In this study, NASICON type Na3Cr2(PO4)3 polycrystalline material is synthesized by solution combustion technique. Different fuels like urea, citric acid and glycine are used as fuels in synthesis in three different fuel-molar ratios. NASICON phase of diverse degree of crystallinity is formed depending on nature and molar ratio of fuels. The NASICON type monophase is formed at 700°C sintering for urea and glycine assisted combustion. But citric acid assisted combustion fails to produce monophase of NASICON. Urea in 1:3 molar ratio assisted combustion produces nano-crystallites of average size 38nm. All fuel combinations produce crystallites of size less than 100nm. XRD pattern reveals the crystal structure to be of rhombohedral with space group. Bending and stretching vibrations of the material is exposed by FT-IR spectroscopy. DTA-TG analysis is carried out to know about the endo and exo-thermic reactions and surface morphology is examined through SEM.


45
RAJESH CHERUKU
Pondicherry University
rajeshcheruku.phy@gmail.com




46Chemical bath deposition of CdS/PVA nanocomposite thin films and effect of annealing on their properties
G. BAKIYARAJ
Anna University
bakiyacgc@yahoo.com

In the recent years, the photovoltaic global market has created wide opportunities for a number of competing thin film technologies such as silicon-based cells, chalcogenide-based photovoltaic cells, organometallic dyes and polymers-based solar cells. Nanometer-size semiconductor particles/organic polymer composites have attracted considerable interest in recent years due to their size-dependent properties and great potential for many applications such as photoelectrochemical cells, optical switchs, sensors, etc. In this work, CdS/polymer (PVA) nanocomposite was successfully deposited on a cleaned glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) using appropriate precursor solution containing poly vinyl alcohol ((-C2H4O)n), cadmium chloride (CdCl2), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), ammonia (NH3) and thiourea (NH2.CS.NH2). The optimum conditions for the deposition of nanocomposites have been determined. After deposition, the films were annealed in air for 1 hour at various temperatures, viz. 200, 300, 400, and 500 ◦C. The structural properties of the as deposited and annealed CdS thin films were determined by x-ray diffraction (XRD) studies and the hexagonal phase was present in all of the grown and annealed samples. When the annealing temperature increases, the grain size is found to increase. The morphology of the films was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV-Visible optical spectroscopy study was carried out to determine the band gap of the CdS/PVA nanocomposite thin films and it showed a blue shift with respect to the bulk value. The optical band gap of the as deposited film is decreased from 3.6 to 2.8 eV after annealing. Carrier density and mobility values of as-deposited and annealed thin films were obtained using Hall effect measurements. The resistivity of the film is found to vary in the range 108 to 103 Ω-cm, dependening on the annealing temperature. The lowest resistivity and highest mobility were obtained in the case of annealed CdS/PVA thin films.


47Spectral investigation of defect states in pristine and irradiated N-doped 6H-SiC crystals
Viswanathan Elumalai
University of Madras
viswa2777@gmail.com

The defects in various form plays a major role on the optical and electrical properties. The defect states can trap charge carriers leading to changes in properties. The defect concentration was varied with fluences of SHI irradiation of Ag ions with energy 150 MeV. The role of defect states was characterized by the optical studies to elucidate the absorption or emission properties in as grown and SHI irradiated N-doped 6H-SiC samples by using photoluminescence and time resolved photoluminescence spectrometers. Preset investigation results the exciting room temperature optical properties of SiC and the results were discussed in detailed.


48
J. Tharini
Madurai Kamaraj University
thans82@gmail.com